
My Love of American History

Imagine the surprise of most members of Congress when groups of abolitionists submitted petitions calling on them to address the issue of slavery. Most of these petitions were submitted by Quaker organizations who argued that regulating the slave trade was different than abolishing it.
Benjamin Franklin, who was a “Founding Father” for his service on the 1787 Constitutional Convention, served as the President of the Pennsylvania Society for Promoting the Abolition of Slavery. In 1790, he presented a formal abolition petition to Congress.
Other groups, many associated with the Quakers, also presented petitions to the new Congress.
The possibility that the Congress might take on the cause of slavery evoked strong responses from Southern representatives1…
Mr. Tucker, South Carolina:
“Do these men expect a general emancipation of slaves by law? This would never be submitted to by the southern states without a civil war.”
“If judge was to assert such doctrine his existence would not be long. It would blow the trumpet of civil war.”
Mr. George Jackson, Georgia:
“The master has a property over his servant the same as over his slave. Whether religion sanctifies slavery will not to pretend. If these good people would search out Bible in Genesis, slavery was from the original.”
1Documentary History of the First Federal Congress, 1789-1791. Vol. XII: Debates in
the House of Representatives: Second Session, January-March 1790. edited by Helen E. Veit, Charlene Bangs Bickford, Kenneth R. Bowling, and William Charles Di’Giacomantonio. (Baltimore and London: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1994): 296, 306, 308.
Of himself, Madison wrote he had:
a constitutional tendency to sudden attacks somewhat resembling epilepsy which suspended all intellectual function…. They continued throughout my life with prolonged intensity.
His brother-in-law described his condition as a:
constitutional liability to sudden attacks… of a character and effect which suspended his powers of action.
In 1775, at the age of 24, Madison suffered one of his “attacks” while training with the colonial militia in Virginia. He was sent home and prevented from serving during the Revolutionary War. It seems his disability saved him for a higher calling.
The nature of his medical condition has long been a subject of debate amongst scholars and medical practitioners. Some believe he suffered “epileptoid hysteria,” a psychological condition; however, the general consensus is that he was an epileptic who suffered partial complex or petit mal seizures.
Disability does not always mean impairment. There is a very long list of epileptics who changed the course of human history, including: Sir Isaac Newton, Napoleon Bonaparte, Harriet Tubman, Leo Tolstoy, Agatha Christie, Ludwig von Beethoven and Socrates.
The Father of the United States Constitution was brilliant and disabled. Or, perhaps James Madison was able to conceive the foundations of the greatest nation on Earth because he was disabled. That’s something to keep in mind…